This study examined 20 “brittle” diabetics (defined as patients with wide glucose swings and frequent hypoglycemic episodes) treated with the APS protocol. This was a prospective study with patients serving as their own historic controls. All patients had been on intensive insulin therapy (four shots daily) for at least one year prior to entrance into the study. The results of this study were as follows:

A significant decline in HbA1c from the baseline of 8.5% to 7.0% at the end of the observation period (p < 0.0003): was achieved with APS. With a reduced HbA1c increases in hypoglycemia would be anticipated however, with proper hepatic glycogen storage and release there was actually a market decline in the frequency of both and major hypoglycemic events from 3.0 to 0.1 per month (p < 0.001).

A decline in the frequency of hypoglycemic events from 13.0 to 2.4 per month (p < 0.001). It is often said that diabetes is a disease of improper metabolism not a disease of improper blood sugar levels. However, when the patient is able to achieve proper metabolism a natural result of that state is automatically a better storing and releasing of glucose based upon blood sugar levels. Re-establishing this natural buffering of glucose leads to better glycemic control as well as a renewed ability by the diabetic person to sense sugar levels.

Long-term intermittent intravenous insulin therapy and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Lancet. 1993, 342: 515-517.